What's the difference between agency and recibos verdes in Portugal?
An agency/umbrella structure withholds exactly like a permanent employee: progressive IRS bands plus the flat 11% employee Social Security rate, after the agency's fee comes off the top. Recibos verdes under the simplified regime is a genuinely different mechanic: IRS applies to only 75% of gross revenue (a 25% notional-expense allowance built into the regime), and Social Security is 21.4% on 70% of quarterly income, a materially different rate and base than the employee's flat 11% of gross. On a EUR 350/day rate over 218 billable days, agency retains about 58.0% of contract revenue as net take-home, while recibos verdes retains about 63.0%.