How do federal and Ontario tax combine on my paycheque?
You pay federal income tax and Ontario provincial income tax as two separate calculations on the same taxable income, then add them together. For 2026, federal rates run from 14% to 33% across five brackets, and Ontario rates run from 5.05% to 13.16% across five brackets. Each level has its own Basic Personal Amount that reduces the tax you owe, applied as a credit at the lowest rate rather than as a straight deduction from income.