A bonus doesn't get its own CPF rules, it just gets a fixed annual ceiling to share with your regular salary. The Additional Wage ceiling is calculated per employee, per year, as S$102,000 minus whatever Ordinary Wages have already attracted CPF that year. The higher your base salary, the less of that S$102,000 is left over for your bonus by the time it arrives.
That's why someone at the full S$8,000/month OW ceiling only has S$6,000 of AW headroom left for the whole year: their base salary alone has already used up S$96,000 of the S$102,000 combined ceiling. A bonus paid on top of that gets CPF on only the first slice, with everything above the remaining headroom paid out CPF-free, even though the same age-banded rate (20% employee, 17% employer, for age 55 and below) applies to whatever slice does attract CPF.
For Employment Pass and S Pass holders, none of this ceiling math matters at all: the citizen/PR-only CPF rule applies identically to a bonus as it does to base salary, so the full bonus amount lands in your account with zero CPF deducted, regardless of size.