Estonia runs one of the simplest personal tax systems in Europe: a single flat 22% rate on all taxable income, no brackets to climb through. The only thing that shrinks your taxable income is the basic exemption (maksuvaba tulu), which from 2026 is a flat €700/month (€8,400/year) for everyone, regardless of how much you earn. That's a real simplification: previously this exemption phased down as income rose, but that "tax hump" mechanic has been abolished.
What actually comes off your paycheque is income tax (22% of taxable income), unemployment insurance (1.6% of gross, withheld from you), and, if you're enrolled and haven't opted out, your II pillar funded pension contribution (2%, 4%, or 6%, your choice). Social tax, at a hefty 33%, is entirely separate: your employer pays it on top of your gross salary to fund state pension and health insurance, and it never touches your payslip as a deduction.
That distinction matters a lot when comparing job offers or understanding your real cost to an employer: a €30,000 gross salary actually costs an Estonian employer roughly €40,000+ once social tax and employer unemployment insurance are added on top, even though your own deductions look much lighter.