Ordinary cash salary is 100% assessable income for Salaries Tax. But when IRD accepts that your employer has provided you with a "place of residence", which explicitly includes reimbursing rent you pay directly to your own landlord under a documented arrangement, it doesn't tax the rent itself. Instead, it adds a notional Rental Value (RV) to your assessable income: 10% of your cash salary for a residential unit or serviced apartment, the accommodation type almost every professional falls under.
That 10% figure is the entire mechanism. If your rent is, say, HK$25,000/month (HK$300,000/year) and it's paid or reimbursed by your employer under this structure, only 10% of your (reduced) cash salary gets added to your taxable income, not the HK$300,000 itself. Compare that to receiving the same HK$300,000 as ordinary cash salary and paying your own rent from after-tax income: the full amount is taxed at your marginal Salaries Tax rate first, before you ever pay a cent of rent.
MPF doesn't change the calculus much: it's based on cash relevant income only, capped at HK$1,500/month, and for most professional salaries is already at that cap regardless of how the package is structured. That means almost the entire benefit of this optimization flows straight through to a lower Salaries Tax bill and a higher disposable income after housing is covered.
The one condition that matters more than the rate itself: this only works with proper documentation. IRD needs to see a genuine tenancy (typically with the landlord invoicing the employer, or a formally recognised rent-reimbursement scheme) reported correctly on your employer's IR56B filing. Calling part of your pay a "housing allowance" with no such structure doesn't qualify: it's taxed as ordinary cash income, with none of the saving this calculator shows.